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No mean the Jews were trapped in europe after the first war. During 20’s and 30’s, visas for jews to legally leave eastern europe for N. America were very difficult to get, and immigration to ‘palesine’ was also blocked by british policy. Some, like Einstein and other famous or wealthy persons got out in time to avoid the slaughter. So American Jews mainly arrived before 1914, very few who were in europe at outbreak of hostilities ever made it to North America. After 1948, it was still very difficult to get out of refugee camps in europe, except if destination was Israel. The immigration law in America did not change till the mid sixties.

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You are absolutely right. I now recall that in 1938 in Evian (France, near Geneva) , Roosevelt had gathered an international conference that was supposed to deal with the problem of refugees, in fact essentially the german Jews trying to flee Austria and Germany. They congratulated one another. But no country accepted any Jew refugee. Not one, including the United States who had called for the conference.

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